Springboot對(duì)接mqtt的項(xiàng)目實(shí)踐

更新時(shí)間：2026年02月10日 09:50:27 作者：IT界Tony哥

在SpringBoot中對(duì)接MQTT協(xié)議,可以使用Eclipse Paho客戶端和Spring Integration MQTT模塊,文中通過(guò)示例代碼介紹的非常詳細(xì),對(duì)大家的學(xué)習(xí)或者工作具有一定的參考學(xué)習(xí)價(jià)值,需要的朋友們下面隨著小編來(lái)一起學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)吧

1. 添加依賴

<dependencies>
    <!-- Spring Boot Starter -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    
    <!-- Spring Integration MQTT -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.integration</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-integration-mqtt</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    
    <!-- Eclipse Paho MQTT Client -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.eclipse.paho</groupId>
        <artifactId>org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.5</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

2. 配置MQTT連接參數(shù)

# application.yml
mqtt:
  broker-url: tcp://localhost:1883
  username: admin
  password: password
  client-id: spring-boot-client
  default-topic: test/topic
  timeout: 30
  keepalive: 60
  completion-timeout: 30000

3. MQTT配置類

@Configuration
@EnableConfigurationProperties(MqttProperties.class)
public class MqttConfig {

    @Autowired
    private MqttProperties mqttProperties;

    // MQTT連接配置
    @Bean
    public MqttConnectOptions mqttConnectOptions() {
        MqttConnectOptions options = new MqttConnectOptions();
        options.setServerURIs(new String[]{mqttProperties.getBrokerUrl()});
        options.setUserName(mqttProperties.getUsername());
        options.setPassword(mqttProperties.getPassword().toCharArray());
        options.setConnectionTimeout(mqttProperties.getTimeout());
        options.setKeepAliveInterval(mqttProperties.getKeepalive());
        options.setAutomaticReconnect(true);
        options.setCleanSession(true);
        return options;
    }

    // MQTT客戶端工廠
    @Bean
    public MqttPahoClientFactory mqttClientFactory() {
        DefaultMqttPahoClientFactory factory = new DefaultMqttPahoClientFactory();
        factory.setConnectionOptions(mqttConnectOptions());
        return factory;
    }

    // 出站消息通道（用于發(fā)送消息）
    @Bean
    @ServiceActivator(inputChannel = "mqttOutboundChannel")
    public MessageHandler mqttOutbound() {
        MqttPahoMessageHandler messageHandler = 
            new MqttPahoMessageHandler(mqttProperties.getClientId() + "-producer", mqttClientFactory());
        messageHandler.setAsync(true);
        messageHandler.setDefaultTopic(mqttProperties.getDefaultTopic());
        return messageHandler;
    }

    // 出站通道
    @Bean
    public MessageChannel mqttOutboundChannel() {
        return new DirectChannel();
    }

    // 入站消息適配器（用于接收消息）
    @Bean
    public MessageProducer inbound() {
        MqttPahoMessageDrivenChannelAdapter adapter = 
            new MqttPahoMessageDrivenChannelAdapter(mqttProperties.getClientId() + "-consumer", 
                                                   mqttClientFactory(), mqttProperties.getDefaultTopic());
        adapter.setCompletionTimeout(mqttProperties.getCompletionTimeout());
        adapter.setConverter(new DefaultPahoMessageConverter());
        adapter.setQos(1);
        adapter.setOutputChannel(mqttInboundChannel());
        return adapter;
    }

    // 入站通道
    @Bean
    public MessageChannel mqttInboundChannel() {
        return new DirectChannel();
    }

    // 入站消息處理器
    @Bean
    @ServiceActivator(inputChannel = "mqttInboundChannel")
    public MessageHandler handler() {
        return new MessageHandler() {
            @Override
            public void handleMessage(Message<?> message) throws MessagingException {
                String topic = (String) message.getHeaders().get("mqtt_receivedTopic");
                String payload = (String) message.getPayload();
                System.out.println("Received message from topic: " + topic + ", payload: " + payload);
                // 處理接收到的消息
                processMessage(topic, payload);
            }
        };
    }
}

4. 配置屬性類

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "mqtt")
@Component
@Data
public class MqttProperties {
    private String brokerUrl;
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private String clientId;
    private String defaultTopic;
    private int timeout;
    private int keepalive;
    private int completionTimeout;
}

5. MQTT服務(wù)類

@Service
public class MqttService {

    @Autowired
    private MessageChannel mqttOutboundChannel;

    // 發(fā)送消息到指定主題
    public void sendMessage(String topic, String message) {
        mqttOutboundChannel.send(MessageBuilder.withPayload(message)
                .setHeader("mqtt_topic", topic)
                .build());
    }

    // 發(fā)送消息到默認(rèn)主題
    public void sendMessage(String message) {
        mqttOutboundChannel.send(MessageBuilder.withPayload(message).build());
    }

    // 發(fā)送帶QoS的消息
    public void sendMessage(String topic, String message, int qos) {
        mqttOutboundChannel.send(MessageBuilder.withPayload(message)
                .setHeader("mqtt_topic", topic)
                .setHeader("mqtt_qos", qos)
                .build());
    }
}

6. 消息處理器

@Component
public class MqttMessageProcessor {

    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MqttMessageProcessor.class);

    public void processMessage(String topic, String payload) {
        logger.info("Processing MQTT message - Topic: {}, Payload: {}", topic, payload);
        
        // 根據(jù)不同的主題進(jìn)行不同的處理
        switch (topic) {
            case "test/topic":
                handleTestTopic(payload);
                break;
            case "sensor/data":
                handleSensorData(payload);
                break;
            default:
                handleDefaultMessage(topic, payload);
        }
    }

    private void handleTestTopic(String payload) {
        logger.info("處理測(cè)試主題消息: {}", payload);
        // 具體的業(yè)務(wù)邏輯
    }

    private void handleSensorData(String payload) {
        logger.info("處理傳感器數(shù)據(jù): {}", payload);
        try {
            // 解析JSON數(shù)據(jù)等操作
            // ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
            // SensorData data = mapper.readValue(payload, SensorData.class);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            logger.error("解析傳感器數(shù)據(jù)失敗", e);
        }
    }

    private void handleDefaultMessage(String topic, String payload) {
        logger.info("處理默認(rèn)消息 - Topic: {}, Payload: {}", topic, payload);
    }
}

7. 控制器示例

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/mqtt")
public class MqttController {

    @Autowired
    private MqttService mqttService;

    @PostMapping("/publish")
    public ResponseEntity<String> publishMessage(@RequestParam String topic, 
                                               @RequestParam String message) {
        try {
            mqttService.sendMessage(topic, message);
            return ResponseEntity.ok("Message published successfully");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            return ResponseEntity.status(500).body("Failed to publish message: " + e.getMessage());
        }
    }

    @PostMapping("/publish/default")
    public ResponseEntity<String> publishToDefaultTopic(@RequestParam String message) {
        try {
            mqttService.sendMessage(message);
            return ResponseEntity.ok("Message published to default topic");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            return ResponseEntity.status(500).body("Failed to publish message: " + e.getMessage());
        }
    }
}

8. 主應(yīng)用類

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableConfigurationProperties
public class MqttApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(MqttApplication.class, args);
    }
}

9. 測(cè)試MQTT服務(wù)

可以使用MQTT.fx或其他MQTT客戶端工具進(jìn)行測(cè)試：

啟動(dòng)Spring Boot應(yīng)用
使用MQTT客戶端訂閱主題 test/topic
調(diào)用API發(fā)送消息：

curl -X POST "http://localhost:8080/mqtt/publish?topic=test/topic&message=Hello MQTT"

主要特性

自動(dòng)重連: 配置了自動(dòng)重連機(jī)制
QoS支持: 支持不同的服務(wù)質(zhì)量等級(jí)
多主題訂閱: 可以訂閱多個(gè)主題
異步處理: 消息發(fā)送支持異步模式
配置靈活: 通過(guò)配置文件管理連接參數(shù)

這樣你就實(shí)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)完整的Spring Boot MQTT集成方案，可以方便地進(jìn)行消息的發(fā)布和訂閱。

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