# 錯(cuò)誤示例：手動(dòng)備份，每次崩潰需要10分鐘
# 1. 停止虛擬機(jī)
# 2. 手動(dòng)復(fù)制虛擬機(jī)文件
# 3. 重新啟動(dòng)虛擬機(jī)
# 4. 恢復(fù)應(yīng)用

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Diagnostics;

public class VirtualMachineBackup
{
    private string _vboxManagePath = @"C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox\VBoxManage.exe";
    private string _sourceVMPath = @"C:\Users\VMs\work\";
    private string _backupPath = @"C:\backuptopath\vbk\";
    
    public void BackupVMs()
    {
        // 獲取當(dāng)前日期
        string today = DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMdd");
        
        // 獲取所有虛擬機(jī)
        string[] vms = Directory.GetDirectories(_sourceVMPath);
        
        foreach (string vm in vms)
        {
            string vmName = Path.GetFileName(vm);
            
            // 檢查虛擬機(jī)是否在運(yùn)行
            if (IsVMRunning(vmName))
            {
                Console.WriteLine($"{vmName} is running, stopping it...");
                StopVM(vmName);
                System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(60000); // 等待1分鐘
            }
            
            // 創(chuàng)建備份
            string backupName = $"{vmName}_{today}";
            Console.WriteLine($"Creating backup for {vmName} as {backupName}...");
            CreateBackup(vmName, backupName);
            
            // 恢復(fù)運(yùn)行
            if (IsVMStopped(vmName))
            {
                Console.WriteLine($"Bringing {vmName} back online...");
                StartVM(vmName);
            }
        }
    }
    
    private bool IsVMRunning(string vmName)
    {
        Process process = new Process();
        process.StartInfo.FileName = _vboxManagePath;
        process.StartInfo.Arguments = $"showvminfo {vmName}";
        process.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true;
        process.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;
        process.StartInfo.CreateNoWindow = true;
        process.Start();
        
        string output = process.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd();
        return output.Contains("running");
    }
    
    private void StopVM(string vmName)
    {
        Process.Start(_vboxManagePath, $"controlvm {vmName} acpipowerbutton");
    }
    
    private void CreateBackup(string vmName, string backupName)
    {
        Process.Start(_vboxManagePath, $"clonevm {vmName} --basefolder={_backupPath} --name={backupName} --register --groups=/backup");
    }
    
    private void StartVM(string vmName)
    {
        Process.Start(_vboxManagePath, $"startvm {vmName} --type headless");
    }
    
    private bool IsVMStopped(string vmName)
    {
        Process process = new Process();
        process.StartInfo.FileName = _vboxManagePath;
        process.StartInfo.Arguments = $"showvminfo {vmName}";
        process.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true;
        process.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;
        process.StartInfo.CreateNoWindow = true;
        process.Start();
        
        string output = process.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd();
        return !output.Contains("running");
    }
}

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.ServiceProcess;
using System.Threading;

public class BackupScheduler
{
    public void ScheduleBackup()
    {
        // 創(chuàng)建計(jì)劃任務(wù)
        using (var service = new ServiceController("Schedule"))
        {
            if (service.Status != ServiceControllerStatus.Running)
            {
                service.Start();
                Thread.Sleep(5000); // 等待服務(wù)啟動(dòng)
            }
        }
        
        // 創(chuàng)建每日備份任務(wù)
        string taskName = "VirtualMachineBackup";
        string taskPath = Path.Combine(Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.CommonApplicationData), "Microsoft", "Windows", "Tasks", $"{taskName}.job");
        
        // 檢查任務(wù)是否存在
        if (File.Exists(taskPath))
        {
            File.Delete(taskPath);
        }
        
        // 創(chuàng)建任務(wù)
        using (var process = new Process())
        {
            process.StartInfo.FileName = "schtasks.exe";
            process.StartInfo.Arguments = $"/create /tn \"{taskName}\" /tr \"C:\\BackupTool\\VirtualMachineBackup.exe\" /sc daily /st 02:00";
            process.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;
            process.StartInfo.CreateNoWindow = true;
            process.Start();
            process.WaitForExit();
        }
        
        Console.WriteLine("Backup task scheduled successfully!");
    }
}

public class BackupValidator
{
    private string _backupPath = @"C:\backuptopath\vbk\";
    
    public void ValidateBackups()
    {
        // 驗(yàn)證最新備份
        string[] backups = Directory.GetDirectories(_backupPath);
        Array.Sort(backups, (a, b) => new DirectoryInfo(a).LastWriteTime.CompareTo(new DirectoryInfo(b).LastWriteTime));
        
        if (backups.Length > 0)
        {
            string latestBackup = backups[backups.Length - 1];
            Console.WriteLine($"Validating latest backup: {Path.GetFileName(latestBackup)}");
            
            // 檢查備份是否完整
            if (IsBackupValid(latestBackup))
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Backup is valid!");
            }
            else
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Backup is invalid! Attempting to fix...");
                FixBackup(latestBackup);
            }
        }
        
        // 清理舊備份
        CleanOldBackups();
    }
    
    private bool IsBackupValid(string backupPath)
    {
        // 檢查關(guān)鍵文件是否存在
        string[] requiredFiles = { 
            Path.Combine(backupPath, "VirtualBox VMs", $"{Path.GetFileName(backupPath)}.vbox"),
            Path.Combine(backupPath, "VirtualBox VMs", $"{Path.GetFileName(backupPath)}.vbox-prev"),
            Path.Combine(backupPath, $"{Path.GetFileName(backupPath)}.vdi")
        };
        
        foreach (string file in requiredFiles)
        {
            if (!File.Exists(file))
            {
                return false;
            }
        }
        
        return true;
    }
    
    private void FixBackup(string backupPath)
    {
        // 嘗試修復(fù)備份
        Console.WriteLine("Attempting to fix backup...");
        // 修復(fù)邏輯
    }
    
    private void CleanOldBackups()
    {
        // 清理超過(guò)30天的備份
        string[] backups = Directory.GetDirectories(_backupPath);
        foreach (string backup in backups)
        {
            DateTime backupDate = new DirectoryInfo(backup).LastWriteTime;
            if (DateTime.Now - backupDate > TimeSpan.FromDays(30))
            {
                Directory.Delete(backup, true);
                Console.WriteLine($"Deleted old backup: {Path.GetFileName(backup)}");
            }
        }
    }
}

// 自動(dòng)化備份示例
VirtualMachineBackup backup = new VirtualMachineBackup();
backup.BackupVMs();

public class AdvancedBackup : VirtualMachineBackup
{
    public void BackupAllVMsInGroup(string group)
    {
        // 擴(kuò)展功能：備份指定組的虛擬機(jī)
        string[] vms = GetVMsInGroup(group);
        foreach (string vm in vms)
        {
            // 調(diào)用父類(lèi)備份方法
            base.BackupVMs(vm);
        }
    }
}

public void BackupVMs()
{
    try
    {
        // 備份邏輯
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        Console.WriteLine($"Error during backup: {ex.Message}");
        // 錯(cuò)誤處理邏輯
    }
}

public async Task BackupVMsAsync()
{
    await Task.Run(() => BackupVMs());
}

using Serilog;

public class VirtualMachineBackup
{
    private static readonly ILogger _logger = Log.ForContext<VirtualMachineBackup>();
    
    public void BackupVMs()
    {
        _logger.Information("Starting VM backup process");
        
        // 備份邏輯
        
        _logger.Information("VM backup completed successfully");
    }
}

public void IncrementalBackup(string vmName, string backupName)
{
    // 獲取上次備份的時(shí)間戳
    DateTime lastBackupTime = GetLastBackupTime(backupName);
    
    // 獲取自上次備份以來(lái)的更改
    string changes = GetChangesSince(lastBackupTime);
    
    // 只備份更改的部分
    if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(changes))
    {
        // 執(zhí)行增量備份
        Process.Start(_vboxManagePath, $"clonevm {vmName} --basefolder={_backupPath} --name={backupName} --incremental");
    }
}

public void EncryptBackup(string backupPath, string password)
{
    // 使用AES加密備份文件
    using (Aes aes = Aes.Create())
    {
        aes.Key = GetKeyFromPassword(password);
        aes.IV = GetIVFromPassword(password);
        
        using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(backupPath, FileMode.Open))
        using (CryptoStream cs = new CryptoStream(fs, aes.CreateEncryptor(), CryptoStreamMode.Read))
        using (FileStream encryptedFs = new FileStream(backupPath + ".enc", FileMode.Create))
        {
            cs.CopyTo(encryptedFs);
        }
    }
}

public void RemoteBackup(string backupPath, string remoteServer)
{
    // 使用FTP上傳備份文件
    using (FtpClient client = new FtpClient(remoteServer))
    {
        client.Credentials = new NetworkCredential("username", "password");
        client.UploadFile(backupPath, Path.GetFileName(backupPath));
    }
}

public void MonitorBackup(string backupName)
{
    // 檢查備份是否成功
    while (true)
    {
        if (IsBackupSuccessful(backupName))
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"Backup {backupName} completed successfully");
            break;
        }
        else
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"Backup {backupName} is still in progress...");
            Thread.Sleep(60000); // 每分鐘檢查一次
        }
    }
}

public void TestBackupRecovery(string backupPath)
{
    // 恢復(fù)備份到測(cè)試環(huán)境
    Process.Start(_vboxManagePath, $"clonevm {backupPath} --basefolder=C:\\TestVMs --name=TestVM --register");
    
    // 啟動(dòng)測(cè)試虛擬機(jī)
    Process.Start(_vboxManagePath, $"startvm TestVM --type headless");
    
    // 檢查測(cè)試虛擬機(jī)是否正常運(yùn)行
    if (IsVMRunning("TestVM"))
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Backup recovery test successful!");
    }
    else
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Backup recovery test failed!");
    }
}

# 批處理腳本（復(fù)雜且難以維護(hù)）
@echo off
set VBM="C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox\VBoxManage.exe"
set VMS=C:\Users\VMs\work\
set BACKTO=C:\backuptopath\vbk\
date /T > vms.txt
set /p today=<vms.txt
set today=%today:~0,10%
set today=%today:/=%
dir /ad /b %VMS% > vms.txt
for /f "delims=" %%i in (vms.txt) do (
    %VBM% showvminfo %%i > %%i.bck
    find "/work" %%i.bck > nul
    if errorlevel 1 (echo not work vm, skip) else (
        find "/running" %%i.bck > nul
        if errorlevel 1 (echo %%i not running) else (
            echo %%i running, stop it
            echo 1 > %%i.running
            %VBM% controlvm %%i acpipowerbutton
            timeout /t 60
        )
        set newname=%%i_%today%
        %VBM% clonevm %%i --basefolder=%BACKTO% --name=!newname! --register --groups=/backup
        %VBM% modifyvm !newname! --groups /backup
        if exist %%i.running (
            echo bring it back online
            %VBM% startvm %%i --type headless
            del %%i.running
        )
    )
    del %%i.bck
)
del vms.txt

# PowerShell腳本（類(lèi)型系統(tǒng)不完善，容易出錯(cuò)）
$vboxManage = "C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox\VBoxManage.exe"
$vms = "C:\Users\VMs\work\"
$backupPath = "C:\backuptopath\vbk\"
$today = Get-Date -Format "yyyyMMdd"

Get-ChildItem -Path $vms -Directory | ForEach-Object {
    $vmName = $_.Name
    if ((& $vboxManage showvminfo $vmName) -match "running") {
        Write-Host "$vmName is running, stopping it..."
        & $vboxManage controlvm $vmName acpipowerbutton
        Start-Sleep -Seconds 60
    }
    $backupName = "$vmName_$today"
    Write-Host "Creating backup for $vmName as $backupName..."
    & $vboxManage clonevm $vmName --basefolder=$backupPath --name=$backupName --register --groups=/backup
    & $vboxManage modifyvm $backupName --groups /backup
    if (!(Get-ChildItem -Path $vms -Directory | Where-Object { $_.Name -eq $vmName }) -and (Get-ChildItem -Path $vms -Directory | Where-Object { $_.Name -eq $vmName })) {
        Write-Host "Bringing $vmName back online..."
        & $vboxManage startvm $vmName --type headless
    }
}

# Python腳本（性能較低，不適合大型備份）
import os
import subprocess
from datetime import datetime

vbox_manage = r"C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox\VBoxManage.exe"
vms_path = r"C:\Users\VMs\work\"
backup_path = r"C:\backuptopath\vbk\"
today = datetime.now().strftime("%Y%m%d")

for vm in os.listdir(vms_path):
    vm_path = os.path.join(vms_path, vm)
    if os.path.isdir(vm_path):
        vm_name = os.path.basename(vm_path)
        output = subprocess.check_output([vbox_manage, "showvminfo", vm_name]).decode()
        if "running" in output:
            print(f"{vm_name} is running, stopping it...")
            subprocess.run([vbox_manage, "controlvm", vm_name, "acpipowerbutton"])
            time.sleep(60)
        backup_name = f"{vm_name}_{today}"
        print(f"Creating backup for {vm_name} as {backup_name}...")
        subprocess.run([vbox_manage, "clonevm", vm_name, "--basefolder", backup_path, "--name", backup_name, "--register", "--groups=/backup"])
        subprocess.run([vbox_manage, "modifyvm", backup_name, "--groups", "/backup"])
        if os.path.exists(os.path.join(vms_path, f"{vm_name}.running")):
            print(f"Bringing {vm_name} back online...")
            subprocess.run([vbox_manage, "startvm", vm_name, "--type", "headless"])
            os.remove(os.path.join(vms_path, f"{vm_name}.running"))