C++?QT實現(xiàn)文件壓縮和解壓縮操作

更新時間：2022年11月17日 08:34:15 作者：音視頻開發(fā)老舅

這篇文章主要為大家詳細介紹了C++?QT如何實現(xiàn)壓縮文件、文件夾和解壓縮的操作，文中的示例代碼講解詳細，感興趣的小伙伴可以跟隨小編一起了解一下

一、前言

QZipWriter是用來壓縮文件的類，需要在安裝Qt是選擇Sources源碼安裝。否則，無法使用QZipWriter。

1. QZipWriter函數(shù)說明

1.1 構(gòu)造方法：

QZipWriter(const QString &fileName, QIODevice::OpenMode mode = (QIODevice::WriteOnly | QIODevice::Truncate) );
QZipWriter(QIODevice *device);

fileName：保存zip文件的地址。

QIODevice 是 QFile 的父類，因此在構(gòu)造 QZipWriter類的對象時，可以傳遞一個 QFile 類的對象。

1.2 設(shè)置壓縮權(quán)限：

enum CompressionPolicy {
     AlwaysCompress,
     NeverCompress,
     AutoCompress
};
void setCompressionPolicy(CompressionPolicy policy);
CompressionPolicy compressionPolicy() const;

1.3 添加文件：

 void addFile(const QString &fileName, const QByteArray &data);

1.4 添加目錄：

void addDirectory(const QString &dirName);

如果需要將文件壓縮到lib目錄下，那么可以這樣操作：

  writer->addDirectory("lib");
  writer->addFile("lib/" + fileName, const QByteArray &data);

這樣壓縮，就可以在壓縮包當(dāng)中看到lib目錄，并且文件在lib目錄下。

二、實現(xiàn)方式

通過Qt自帶的庫來實現(xiàn)，使用多線程方式，通過信號和槽來觸發(fā)壓縮與解壓縮，并將壓縮和解壓縮結(jié)果回傳過來。

使用的類：

#include "QtGui/private/qzipreader_p.h"
#include "QtGui/private/qzipwriter_p.h"

三、具體步驟

1、在.pro文件中添加模塊gui-private

QT       += core gui gui-private

2、通過QObject方式創(chuàng)建多線程實現(xiàn)壓縮與解壓縮類

CompreDecompreFileThread.h

#ifndef COMPREDECOMPREFILETHREAD_H
#define COMPREDECOMPREFILETHREAD_H
 
#include <QObject>
#include "QtGui/private/qzipreader_p.h"
#include "QtGui/private/qzipwriter_p.h"
#include <QFileInfoList>
#include <QDir>
#include <QFile>
#include <QThread>
class CompreDecompreFileThread : public QObject
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    typedef enum
    {
        success,
        failed,
        running
    }ResultE;
signals:
    void compression_res_signal(ResultE res,quint8 progress,QString remarks = nullptr);
    void decompression_res_signal(ResultE res,quint8 progress,QString remarks = nullptr);
public slots:
    /*
     * 壓縮文件
     */
    void compression_file_run(QString srcPath,QString destPath);
    /*
     * 解壓文件
     */
    void decompression_file_run(QString srcPath,QString destPath);
public:
    explicit CompreDecompreFileThread(QObject *parent = nullptr);
private:
    /*
     * 遍歷壓縮文件
     */
    QFileInfoList ergodic_compression_file(QZipWriter *writer,QString rootPath,QString filePath);
 
private:
    QZipWriter *zipWriter = nullptr;
    QZipReader *zipReader = nullptr;
};
 
#endif // COMPREDECOMPREFILETHREAD_H

CompreDecompreFileThread.cpp

#include "compredecomprefilethread.h"
#include <QDebug>
#include <QIODevice>
 
CompreDecompreFileThread::CompreDecompreFileThread(QObject *parent)
    : QObject{parent}
{
    qRegisterMetaType<ResultE>("ResultE");
}
 
QFileInfoList CompreDecompreFileThread::ergodic_compression_file(QZipWriter *writer, QString rootPath, QString filePath)
{
    QDir dir(filePath);          //遍歷各級子目錄
    QDir fileDir(filePath);    //遍歷子目錄中所有文件
 
    //先遍歷文件夾 添加進widget
    QFileInfoList fileList=dir.entryInfoList(QDir::Files | QDir::Hidden | QDir::NoSymLinks);
    QFileInfoList folderList = dir.entryInfoList(QDir::Dirs | QDir::NoDotAndDotDot);   //獲取當(dāng)前所有目錄 QDir::Dirs 0x001 列出目錄；
 
 
    for(int i = 0; i != folderList.size(); i++)         //自動遞歸添加各目錄到上一級目錄
    {
        QString namepath = folderList.at(i).absoluteFilePath();    //獲取路徑
        QFileInfo folderinfo= folderList.at(i);
        QString name=folderinfo.fileName();      //獲取目錄名
 
 
        QStringList list = folderinfo.absoluteFilePath().split(rootPath);
        //qDebug()<<"Dir:"<<folderinfo.absoluteFilePath().remove(list.at(0));
        writer->addDirectory(folderinfo.absoluteFilePath().remove(list.at(0)));
 
        QFileInfoList child_file_list = ergodic_compression_file(writer,rootPath,namepath);          //進行遞歸 遞歸這個文件夾
        fileList.append(child_file_list);
        //  file_list.append(name);
 
    }
    /*添加path路徑文件*/
 
    fileDir.setFilter(QDir::Files | QDir::Hidden | QDir::NoSymLinks);        //獲取當(dāng)前所有文件
    fileDir.setSorting(QDir::Name);
    QFileInfoList _fileList = fileDir.entryInfoList();
    for (int i = 0; i < _fileList.size(); ++i) //將當(dāng)前目錄中所有文件添加到treewidget中
    {
        QFileInfo fileInfo = _fileList.at(i);
 
        QFile file(fileInfo.absoluteFilePath());
        if(file.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly))
        {
            QStringList list = fileInfo.absoluteFilePath().split(rootPath);
            //qDebug()<<"File:"<<fileInfo.absoluteFilePath().remove(list.at(0));
            writer->addFile(fileInfo.absoluteFilePath().remove(list.at(0)),file.readAll());
            file.close();
        }
 
    }
    return fileList;
}
void CompreDecompreFileThread::compression_file_run(QString srcPath, QString destPath)
{
    qDebug()<<QThread::currentThreadId();
    if(srcPath == nullptr || destPath == nullptr)
    {
        emit compression_res_signal(ResultE::failed,100,tr("路徑為空！"));
        return;
    }
    QFileInfo fileDistInfo(destPath);
    if(fileDistInfo.isFile())   //目的路徑不能為文件名
    {
        emit compression_res_signal(ResultE::failed,100,tr("路徑不能為文件！"));
        return;
    }
 
 
    QFileInfo fileInfo(srcPath);
    if(fileInfo.isFile())//壓縮的是一個文件
    {
        QString saveFileName = destPath+"/"+fileInfo.baseName()+".zip";
        qDebug()<<"saveFileName:"<<saveFileName;
        this->zipWriter = new QZipWriter(saveFileName);
        QFile file(srcPath);
        if(!file.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly))
        {
            emit compression_res_signal(ResultE::failed,100,tr("文件打開失?。?));
            return;
        }
        emit compression_res_signal(ResultE::running,50,tr("正在壓縮中..."));
        this->zipWriter->addFile(file.fileName(),file.readAll());
        this->zipWriter->close();
        delete this->zipWriter;
        this->zipWriter = nullptr;
        emit compression_res_signal(ResultE::running,100,tr("正在壓縮中..."));
        emit compression_res_signal(ResultE::success,100,tr("壓縮完成！"));
    }
    else    //壓縮的是一個文件夾
    {
        QString folderStr = srcPath.mid(srcPath.lastIndexOf("/")).remove("/");
        if(folderStr == nullptr)
        {
            emit compression_res_signal(ResultE::failed,100,tr("壓縮文件路徑錯誤！"));
            return;
        }
        emit compression_res_signal(ResultE::running,50,tr("正在壓縮中..."));
        QString saveFileName = destPath+"/"+folderStr+".7z";
        qDebug()<<"saveFileName:"<<saveFileName;
        this->zipWriter = new QZipWriter(saveFileName);
        this->zipWriter->addDirectory(folderStr);
        this->ergodic_compression_file(this->zipWriter,folderStr,srcPath);
        delete this->zipWriter;
        this->zipWriter = nullptr;
        emit compression_res_signal(ResultE::running,100,tr("正在壓縮中..."));
        emit compression_res_signal(ResultE::success,100,tr("壓縮完成！"));
    }
 
}
 
void CompreDecompreFileThread::decompression_file_run(QString srcPathAndName, QString destPath)
{
    qDebug()<<QThread::currentThreadId();
    if(srcPathAndName == nullptr || destPath == nullptr)
    {
        emit decompression_res_signal(ResultE::failed,100,tr("路徑為空！"));
        return;
    }
    QFileInfo destInfo(destPath);
    if(destInfo.isFile()||!destInfo.exists())
    {
        emit decompression_res_signal(ResultE::failed,100,tr("目的路徑異常！"));
        return;
    }
 
    QFileInfo fileInfo(srcPathAndName);
    if(!fileInfo.isFile() || fileInfo.suffix() !="zip")
    {
        emit decompression_res_signal(ResultE::failed,100,tr("壓縮文件為空！"));
        return;
    }
    emit decompression_res_signal(ResultE::running,50,tr("正在解壓縮..."));
    this->zipReader = new QZipReader(srcPathAndName);
    bool res = this->zipReader->extractAll(destPath);
    emit decompression_res_signal(ResultE::running,100,tr("正在解壓縮..."));
    if(res) //解壓縮成功
    {
        emit decompression_res_signal(ResultE::success,100,tr("解壓縮完成！"));
    }
    else
    {
         emit decompression_res_signal(ResultE::failed,100,tr("解壓縮失?。?));
    }
 
    this->zipReader->close();
    delete this->zipReader;
    this->zipReader = nullptr;
 
}

mainwindow.h

#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H
 
#include <QMainWindow>
#include "QtGui/private/qzipreader_p.h"
#include "QtGui/private/qzipwriter_p.h"
 
#include <QFileInfoList>
#include <QDir>
#include <QFile>
 
#include "compredecomprefilethread.h"
 
#include <QThread>
 
QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class MainWindow; }
QT_END_NAMESPACE
 
class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
    Q_OBJECT
signals:
    void compress_signal(QString srcPath,QString destPath);
    void decompress_signal(QString srcPath,QString destPath);
public:
    MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
    ~MainWindow();
 
private slots:
    void on_btnZip_clicked();
 
    void on_btnUnZip_clicked();
 
    void compress_res_slot(CompreDecompreFileThread::ResultE res,quint8 progress,QString remarks = nullptr);
    void decompress_res_slot(CompreDecompreFileThread::ResultE res,quint8 progress,QString remarks = nullptr);
 
private:
    Ui::MainWindow *ui;
    CompreDecompreFileThread *compreDecompreFileThread;
    QThread *compreDecompreFileMainThread;
 
};
#endif // MAINWINDOW_H

mainwindow.cpp

#include "mainwindow.h"
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"
#include <QDebug>
 
MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent)
    : QMainWindow(parent)
    , ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{
    ui->setupUi(this);
    compreDecompreFileThread = new CompreDecompreFileThread;
    compreDecompreFileMainThread = new QThread;
 
    compreDecompreFileThread->moveToThread(compreDecompreFileMainThread);
    compreDecompreFileMainThread->start();
 
    connect(this,&MainWindow::compress_signal,compreDecompreFileThread,&CompreDecompreFileThread::compression_file_run);
    connect(this,&MainWindow::decompress_signal,compreDecompreFileThread,&CompreDecompreFileThread::decompression_file_run);
 
    connect(compreDecompreFileThread,&CompreDecompreFileThread::compression_res_signal,this,&MainWindow::compress_res_slot);
    connect(compreDecompreFileThread,&CompreDecompreFileThread::decompression_res_signal,this,&MainWindow::decompress_res_slot);
    qDebug()<<QThread::currentThreadId();
}
 
MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
    delete ui;
}
 
 
//bool zipReader(QString zipPath="test.zip", QString zipDir="")
//{
//    QDir tempDir;
//    if(!tempDir.exists(zipDir)) tempDir.mkpath(zipDir);
//    QZipReader reader(zipPath);
//    return reader.extractAll(zipDir);
//}
 
void MainWindow::on_btnZip_clicked()
{
    QString filePath = QApplication::applicationDirPath()+"/test";
    QString zipPath = QApplication::applicationDirPath();
 
    emit compress_signal(filePath,zipPath);
 
}
 
 
void MainWindow::on_btnUnZip_clicked()
{
    QString filePath = QApplication::applicationDirPath()+"/test.zip";
    QString zipPath = QApplication::applicationDirPath()+"/unTest";
 
    qDebug()<<"filePath:"<<filePath<<"zipPath:"<<zipPath;
 
    emit decompress_signal(filePath,zipPath);
}
 
void MainWindow::compress_res_slot(CompreDecompreFileThread::ResultE res, quint8 progress, QString remarks)
{
    qDebug()<<"Com:"<<"  res:"<<res<<"  progress:"<<progress<<"  remarks:"<<remarks;
}
 
void MainWindow::decompress_res_slot(CompreDecompreFileThread::ResultE res, quint8 progress, QString remarks)
{
    qDebug()<<"deCom:"<<"  res:"<<res<<"  progress:"<<progress<<"  remarks:"<<remarks;
}

mainwindow.ui