基于Pygame中Pygame模塊的大戰(zhàn)外星人實戰(zhàn)
更新時間：2021年12月17日 11:58:16 作者：abandon the past
本文主要介紹了基于Pygame中Pygame模塊的大戰(zhàn)外星人實戰(zhàn)，文中通過示例代碼介紹的非常詳細，具有一定的參考價值，感興趣的小伙伴們可以參考一下
一，引言
開發(fā)環(huán)境：Pycharm
操作系統(tǒng)：Windows 10
Pyhon版本：3.9.9
需要自行安裝Pygame 3（必須）和Python（必須）。
由于多次引用背景參數(shù)，建議不要更改文中的背景參數(shù)。本文中的圖片用的是相對引用的方式，如果和我圖片位置放置不同的話需要設(shè)置絕對引用。
二，主要內(nèi)容
主要代碼片段：
import sys
import pygame # 調(diào)用pygame
from settings import Settings # 背景和一些必要值
from ship import Ship # 飛船個人設(shè)置
import game_function as gf # 移動和發(fā)射
# 把整個給gf 并不是按照調(diào)用類的方式用的
from pygame.sprite import Group
from game_stats import GameStats
from Button import Button
from Scoreboard import Scoreboard
def run_game():
pygame.init()
ai_settings = Settings()
pygame.display.set_caption('飛機大戰(zhàn)1')
stats = GameStats(ai_settings)
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((ai_settings.screen_width, ai_settings.screen_height))
play_button = Button(ai_settings, screen, 'game')
sb = Scoreboard(ai_settings, screen, stats)
ship = Ship(ai_settings, screen)
bullets_left = Group()
bullets_down = Group()
bullets_right = Group()
bullets = Group()
aliens = Group()
gf.create_fleet(ai_settings, screen ,ship,aliens)
while True:
gf.check_events(ai_settings, stats, play_button,screen,ship, aliens,bullets,bullets_left,bullets_right,
bullets_down)
if stats.game_active:
ship.update() # 這句很重要必須要調(diào)用ship里的判斷
gf.update_bullets(sb,screen,stats, ship ,ai_settings,aliens, bullets,bullets_left,bullets_right,bullets_down) #####
gf.update_aliens(ai_settings, aliens ,stats, screen, ship ,bullets,bullets_down,bullets_left,bullets_right)
gf.update_screen(ai_settings, screen, stats,ship,aliens, bullets,bullets_left,bullets_right,bullets_down,play_button
,sb)
run_game()
關(guān)于外星飛船的一些調(diào)用：
import pygame
import sys
from pygame.sprite import Sprite
class Alien(Sprite):
def __init__(self,ai_settings, screen):
super(Alien, self).__init__()
self.screen = screen
self.ai_settings = ai_settings
self.image = pygame.image.load('外星飛船.png')
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
self.rect.x = self.rect.width
self.rect.y = self.rect.height
self.x = float(self.rect.x) # 外星人所在位置
def check_edges(self): # 檢測飛船是否碰到墻壁
screen_rect = self.screen.get_rect()
if self.rect.right >= screen_rect.right:
return True
elif self.rect.left <= 0:
return True
def update(self):
self.x += (self.ai_settings.alien_speed_factor*self.ai_settings.fleet_direction)
self.rect.x = self.x
def blitme(self):
self.screen.blit(self.image, self.rect)
關(guān)于子彈的一些配置（這里只是向前方向的子彈）?其余各個方向的子彈也是基于這個略改：
import pygame
from pygame.sprite import Sprite
class Bullet(Sprite):
def __init__(self, ai_settings, screen, ship):
super(Bullet, self).__init__() # pygame2.7需要這么寫
self.screen = screen
self.rect = pygame.Rect(0,0,ai_settings.bullet_width, ai_settings.bullet_height)
self.rect.centerx = ship.rect.centerx
self.rect.top = ship.rect.top # 子彈的初始位置
self.y = float(self.rect.y) # 記錄子彈輸出的位置
self.color = ai_settings.bullet_color
self.speed_factor = ai_settings.bullet_speed_factor
def update(self):
self.y -= self.speed_factor # 讓子彈持續(xù)往上飛
self.rect.y = self.y
def draw_bullet(self):
pygame.draw.rect(self.screen, self.color, self.rect)
關(guān)于可操控飛船的一些設(shè)置（如果要改變背景的長寬比，需要改變飛船的重置位置）：
import pygame
class Ship():
def __init__(self, ai_settings, screen):
self.screen = screen
self.ai_settings = ai_settings
self.image = pygame.image.load('小飛機.png')
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
self.screen_rect = screen.get_rect()
self.rect.bottom = self.screen_rect.bottom
self.rect.centerx = self.screen_rect.centerx # x
# self.rect.centery = self.screen_rect.centery # y
self.centerx = float(self.rect.centerx)
self.centery = float(self.rect.centery)
# 記錄飛機中心點
self.moving_right = False
self.moving_left = False
self.moving_up = False
self.moving_down = False
def update(self):
if self.moving_right and self.rect.right < self.screen_rect.right: #小于屏幕右側(cè)
self.centerx += self.ai_settings.ship_speed_factor
if self.moving_left and self.rect.left > 0: # 大于屏幕左側(cè)0
self.centerx -= self.ai_settings.ship_speed_factor
if self.moving_up and self.rect.top > self.screen_rect.top: # 大于屏幕頂部0
self.centery -= self.ai_settings.ship_speed_factor
if self.moving_down and self.rect.bottom < self.screen_rect.bottom: #小于屏幕底部
self.centery += self.ai_settings.ship_speed_factor
self.rect.centerx = self.centerx
self.rect.centery = self.centery
def center_ship(self): # 讓飛船居中
self.centery = self.screen_rect.bottom-70
self.centerx = self.screen_rect.centerx
def blitme(self):
self.screen.blit(self.image, self.rect)
關(guān)于一些基本的文件設(shè)置和背景設(shè)置：
import pygame
import sys
class Settings():
def __init__(self):
self.screen_width = 1200
self.screen_height = 800
self.bg_color = (230, 230, 230)
# 飛船的速度：
self.ship_limit = 3
# 子彈設(shè)置
self.bullet_width = 3
self.bullet_height = 15
self.bullet_color = (60, 60, 60)
self.bullets_allowed = 3 # 限制子彈的數(shù)量
self.fleet_drop_speed = 8
self.score_scale = 2
self.speedup_scale = 1.1
self.initialize_dynamic_settings()
def initialize_dynamic_settings(self):
self.ship_speed_factor = 1.5
self.bullet_speed_factor = 1 # 子彈的速度
self.alien_speed_factor = 1 # 飛船速度
self.fleet_direction = 1 # 方向參數(shù)
self.alien_points = 50
def increase_speed(self):
self.ship_speed_factor *= self.speedup_scale
self.bullet_speed_factor *= self.speedup_scale
self.alien_speed_factor *= self.speedup_scale
self.alien_points = int(self.alien_points * self.score_scale)
print(self.alien_points)
關(guān)于按鍵的一些設(shè)置（這部分我將子彈向下向左向右發(fā)射的按鍵也加入進去，如不需要請自行刪減）：
import sys
import pygame
from time import sleep # 時間？休眠？
from bullet import Bullet
from bulletRIGHT import BulletRight
from bulletDOWN import BulletDown
from bulletLEFT import BulletLeft
from alien import Alien
def check_keydown_events(event,ai_settings, screen,ship, bullets,bullets_left,bullets_right,bullets_down):
if event.key == pygame.K_d:
ship.moving_right = True
elif event.key == pygame.K_a:
ship.moving_left = True
elif event.key == pygame.K_w:
ship.moving_up = True
elif event.key == pygame.K_q: # p鍵退出
sys.exit()
elif event.key == pygame.K_s:
ship.moving_down = True
elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:
fire_bullet(ai_settings, screen, ship, bullets)
elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
fire_bullet_down(ai_settings, screen, ship,bullets_down)
elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
fire_bullet_left(ai_settings, screen, ship,bullets_left)
elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
fire_bullet_right(ai_settings, screen, ship,bullets_right)
def check_keyup_events(event, ship):
if event.key == pygame.K_d:
ship.moving_right = False
elif event.key == pygame.K_a:
ship.moving_left = False
elif event.key == pygame.K_w:
ship.moving_up = False
elif event.key == pygame.K_s:
ship.moving_down = False
def check_events(ai_settings, stats, play_button,screen,ship, aliens,bullets,bullets_left,bullets_right,bullets_down):
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
sys.exit()
elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN: # 注意這個位置是type并不是key
check_keydown_events(event,ai_settings, screen,ship, bullets,bullets_left,bullets_right,bullets_down)
elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
check_keyup_events(event, ship)
elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
mouse_x, mouse_y = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
check_play_button(ai_settings, screen, stats, ship, aliens, bullets, bullets_left, bullets_right,
bullets_down,
play_button, mouse_x, mouse_y)
def check_play_button(ai_settings,screen,stats,ship,aliens, bullets,bullets_left,bullets_right,bullets_down,
play_button, mouse_x,mouse_y):
# if play_button.rect.collidepoint(mouse_x, mouse_y):
button_clicked = play_button.rect.collidepoint(mouse_x, mouse_y)
if button_clicked and not stats.game_active:
ai_settings.initialize_dynamic_settings() # 重置速度
pygame.mouse.set_visible(False) # 隱藏光標
stats.reset_stats()
stats.game_active = True
aliens.empty()
bullets.empty()
bullets_down.empty()
bullets_left.empty()
bullets_right.empty()
create_fleet(ai_settings,screen,ship,aliens)
ship.center_ship()
def update_bullets(sb,screen,stats, ship ,ai_settings,aliens, bullets,bullets_left,bullets_right,bullets_down):
bullets.update()
for bullet in bullets.copy():
if bullet.rect.bottom <= 0:
bullets.remove(bullet)
check_bullets_alien_collisions(sb,screen,stats, ship ,ai_settings,aliens, bullets,bullets_left,bullets_right,bullets_down)
def check_bullets_alien_collisions(sb,screen,stats, ship ,ai_settings,aliens, bullets,bullets_left,bullets_right,bullets_down):
# print(len(bullets)) # 此句顯示未刪除的子彈數(shù)量以確保前幾句正確刪除子彈
collections = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(bullets, aliens,True,True ) # 子彈與外星飛船同歸于盡
if collections:
stats.score += ai_settings.alien_points
sb.prep_score()
sb.prep_level()
if len(aliens) == 0: # 如果外星人被打光重置外星人
bullets.empty()
ai_settings.increase_speed()
stats.level += 1
sb.prep_level()
create_fleet(ai_settings, screen, ship ,aliens)
bullets_down.update()
for bullet_down in bullets_down.copy():
if bullet_down.rect.top >= ai_settings.screen_height:
bullets_down.remove(bullet_down)
print(len(bullets_down)) # 此句顯示未刪除的子彈數(shù)量以確保前幾句正確刪除子彈
collections = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(bullets_down, aliens, True, True)
if collections:
stats.score += ai_settings.alien_points
sb.prep_score()
bullets_left.update()
for bullet_left in bullets_left.copy():
if bullet_left.rect.right <= 0:
bullets_left.remove(bullet_left)
# print(len(bullets_left)) # 此句顯示未刪除的子彈數(shù)量以確保前幾句正確刪除子彈
collections = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(bullets_left, aliens, True, True)
if collections:
stats.score += ai_settings.alien_points
sb.prep_score()
bullets_right.update()
for bullet_right in bullets_right.copy():
if bullet_right.rect.left >= ai_settings.screen_width:
bullets_right.remove(bullet_right)
# print(len(bullets_right)) # 此句顯示未刪除的子彈數(shù)量以確保前幾句正確刪除子彈
collections = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(bullets_right, aliens, True, True)
if collections:
stats.score += ai_settings.alien_points
sb.prep_score()
def update_screen(ai_settings, screen, stats,ship,aliens, bullets,bullets_left,bullets_right,bullets_down,play_button
,sb): # 顯示
screen.fill(ai_settings.bg_color)
for bullet in bullets.sprites():
bullet.draw_bullet()
for bullet in bullets_right.sprites():
bullet.draw_bullet()
for bullet in bullets_left.sprites():
bullet.draw_bullet()
for bullet in bullets_down.sprites():
bullet.draw_bullet()
ship.blitme()
aliens.draw(screen)
sb.show_score()
if not stats.game_active:
play_button.draw_button()
pygame.display.flip()
def create_fleet(ai_settings, screen ,ship,aliens):
alien = Alien(ai_settings, screen)
number_aliens_x = get_number_aliens_x(ai_settings, alien.rect.width)
number_rows = get_number_rows(ai_settings, ship.rect.height, alien.rect.height)
for row_number in range(number_rows):
for alien_number in range(number_aliens_x):
create_alien(ai_settings, screen, aliens , alien_number, row_number)
def get_number_aliens_x(ai_settings, alien_width): # 外星飛船數(shù)量
available_space_x = ai_settings.screen_width - 1* alien_width
number_alien_x = int(available_space_x / (2 * alien_width))
return number_alien_x
def create_alien(ai_settings, screen, aliens, alien_number, row_number):
alien = Alien(ai_settings, screen)
alien_width = alien.rect.width
alien.x = alien_width + 2*alien_width * alien_number
alien.rect.x = alien.x
alien.rect.y = alien.rect.height + 2*alien.rect.height*row_number
aliens.add(alien)
def get_number_rows(ai_settings, ship_height, alien_height): # 計算可容納多少外星人
available_space_y = (ai_settings.screen_height - (3*alien_height) - ship_height )
number_rows = int(available_space_y/(2*alien_height))
return number_rows
def check_fleet_edges(ai_settings, aliens):
for alien in aliens.sprites():
if alien.check_edges():
change_fleet_direction(ai_settings, aliens)
break
def change_fleet_direction(ai_settings, aliens):
for alien in aliens.sprites():
alien.rect.y += ai_settings.fleet_drop_speed
ai_settings.fleet_direction *= -1 # 將移動距離變?yōu)樨?
def ship_hit(ai_settings, stats, screen, ship , aliens , bullets,bullets_down,bullets_left,bullets_right): # 響應(yīng)外星人撞擊飛船
if stats.ships_left > 0:
stats.ships_left -= 1 # 將ship_left減1
# 清空外星人列表和子彈列表
aliens.empty()
bullets.empty()
bullets_down.empty()
bullets_left.empty()
bullets_right.empty()
create_fleet(ai_settings, screen , ship , aliens) # 重置飛船和外星人
ship.center_ship()
sleep(0.5) # 暫停
else:
stats.game_active = False
pygame.mouse.set_visible(True)
def check_aliens_bottom(ai_settings, stats, screen, ship, aliens, bullets):
screen_rect = screen.get_rect()
for alien in aliens.sprites():
if alien.rect.bottom >= screen_rect.bottom:
ship_hit(ai_settings, stats,screen, ship, aliens,bullets)
break
def update_aliens(ai_settings, aliens ,stats, screen, ship ,bullets,bullets_down,bullets_left,bullets_right): # 更新外星飛船的位置
check_fleet_edges(ai_settings, aliens)
aliens.update()
if pygame.sprite.spritecollideany(ship, aliens):
print('GG')
ship_hit(ai_settings, stats, screen, ship , aliens , bullets,bullets_down,bullets_left,bullets_right)
def fire_bullet(ai_settings, screen, ship, bullets): # 前方子彈
if len(bullets) < ai_settings.bullets_allowed: # 已經(jīng)產(chǎn)生的子彈少于設(shè)置的數(shù)時發(fā)射才有效果
new_bullet = Bullet(ai_settings, screen, ship)
bullets.add(new_bullet) #
def fire_bullet_down(ai_settings, screen, ship,bullets_down): # 后方子彈
if len(bullets_down) < ai_settings.bullets_allowed: # 已經(jīng)產(chǎn)生的子彈少于設(shè)置的數(shù)時發(fā)射才有效果
new_bullet_down = BulletDown(ai_settings, screen, ship)
bullets_down.add(new_bullet_down) #
def fire_bullet_left(ai_settings, screen, ship,bullets_left): # 左方子彈
if len(bullets_left) < ai_settings.bullets_allowed: # 已經(jīng)產(chǎn)生的子彈少于設(shè)置的數(shù)時發(fā)射才有效果
new_bullet_left = BulletLeft(ai_settings, screen, ship)
bullets_left.add(new_bullet_left) #
def fire_bullet_right(ai_settings, screen, ship,bullets_right): # 右方子彈
if len(bullets_right) < ai_settings.bullets_allowed: # 已經(jīng)產(chǎn)生的子彈少于設(shè)置的數(shù)時發(fā)射才有效果
new_bullet_right = BulletRight(ai_settings, screen, ship)
bullets_right.add(new_bullet_right) #
關(guān)于字體和開始按鍵的一些設(shè)置：
import pygame.font
class Button():
def __init__(self, ai_settings, screen ,msg):
self.screen = screen
self.screen_rect = screen.get_rect()
self.width, self.height = 200,50
self.button_color = (28, 136 ,121)
self.text_color = (255, 255, 255)
self.font = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 48)
self.rect = pygame.Rect(0,0, self.width,self.height)
self.rect.center = self.screen_rect.center
self.prep_msg(msg)
def prep_msg(self,msg):
self.msg_image = self.font.render(msg,True,self.text_color,self.button_color)
self.msg_image_rect = self.msg_image.get_rect() # 關(guān)于字的一些設(shè)置
self.msg_image_rect.center = self.rect.center
def draw_button(self):
self.screen.fill(self.button_color,self.rect)
self.screen.blit(self.msg_image, self.msg_image_rect)
一些分數(shù)顯示和等級顯示代碼：
from settings import Settings
from ship import Ship
class GameStats():
def __init__(self, ai_settings):
self.ai_settings = ai_settings
self.reset_stats()
self.game_active = False
def reset_stats(self):
self.ships_left = self.ai_settings.ship_limit
self.score = 0
self.level = 1
關(guān)于等級難度提升的一些設(shè)置：
import pygame.font # 字體
from pygame.sprite import Group
from ship import Ship
class Scoreboard():
def __init__(self,ai_settings, screen, stats):
self.screen = screen
self.screen_rect = screen.get_rect()
self.ai_settings = ai_settings
self.stats = stats
self.text_color = (30, 30, 30)
self.font = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 48)
self.prep_score()
self.prep_level() # 等級
def prep_level(self):
level_str = str(self.stats.level)
self.level_image = self.font.render(level_str, True, self.text_color,self.ai_settings.bg_color)
self.level_rect = self.level_image.get_rect()
self.level_rect.right = self.score_rect.right
self.level_rect.top = self.score_rect.bottom + 10
def prep_score(self):
rounded_score = int(round(self.stats.score, -1))
score_str = "{:,}".format(rounded_score)
self.score_image = self.font.render(score_str, True, self.text_color,self.ai_settings.bg_color)
self.score_rect = self.score_image.get_rect()
self.score_rect.right = self.screen_rect.right - 20
self.score_rect.top = 20
def show_score(self):
self.screen.blit(self.score_image, self.score_rect)
self.screen.blit(self.level_image, self.level_rect)
效果展示：
開始狀態(tài)：
點擊Game進行開始（開始后鼠標自動消失）
點擊上下左右鍵發(fā)射子彈（設(shè)置屏幕同一方向只能存在三顆）
消滅飛船后難度提升 （死亡三次后從新開始成績清空）
?游戲介紹：
按game進行游戲，游戲開始后鼠標自動消失，用WSED來控制飛船飛行方向，用上下左右箭頭來控制子彈設(shè)計方向。外星人會以S型的飛行方式向玩家飛來，當外星人碰到玩家玩家就會損失一條命，玩家飛船共三條命，外星人碰到玩家后玩家位置和外星人位置就會重置，分數(shù)不會重置，當外星人沖過玩家到達下方玩家也會被判定丟失一條命然后位置重置。每消滅一個外星人右上角就會進行積分，當把框中的外星人全部消滅，外星人重新刷新。外星人速度和能力會以兩倍的實力增長，玩家受到的分數(shù)獎勵也會增加，當玩家三條命都丟失時游戲結(jié)束。
到此這篇關(guān)于基于Pygame中Pygame模塊的大戰(zhàn)外星人實戰(zhàn)的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關(guān)Pygame 大戰(zhàn)外星人內(nèi)容請搜索腳本之家以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關(guān)文章希望大家以后多多支持腳本之家！
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